注意：开发文档里面不重要的内容，本篇博客不进行翻译，依然英文显示

基础

卡片（Cards）

卡片就是问题和答案对——即正反两面分别是问题和答案。Anki的卡片不是一张真正的卡片，它一直显示问题，回答完显示答案。举一个例子：

问题：氧气的化学符号是什么？

当你考虑问题完毕，点击卡片就会显示如下内容：

问题：氧气到的化学符号是什么？

回答：O

然后在卡片的最下方，你可以选择一个选项告诉anki你的学习情况。

牌组（Desks）

牌组是卡片的集合。你可以把卡片放在不同的牌组中学习，而没有必要一次性全部学完。每个牌组都可以有不同的设置，比如每天显示多少张卡片，或卡片下一次复习的时间。

牌组之间可以多层嵌套，形成树形结构。Anki通过”::“来表明不同的层次。比如，一个名为“Chinese::Hanzi”的牌组，表示Hanzi牌组包含在Chinese牌组中。如果你选择“Hanzi”那么就只会显示“Hanzi”牌组中的卡片；如果你选择”Chinese”牌组就会显示全部包括在“Hanzi”牌组中的卡片。

为了形成树形结构，我们不仅可以通过“::“符号，还可以使用拖拽的方式。嵌套在其他牌组下面的牌组称为子牌组（名称中至少出现一次”::“）,最外面的牌组可以被称为超级牌组或父牌组。

Anki有一个默认牌组；任何其他牌组都是分离自这个默认牌组。Anki将会隐藏这个默认牌组当这个牌组中没有卡片，或已经存在其他的牌组。另外，你也可以重命名默认牌组并使用它。

牌组可以放不同话题的卡片，而不是特定的卡片。具体可以参看合理的使用牌组部分。

关于卡片在牌组中的显示顺序，可以查阅显示顺序部分。

笔记和字段（Notes & Fields）

当制作卡片的时候，我们通常希望一些信息可以通过多张卡片显示出来。比如，如果你学习法语，你学习”bonjour“的意思是”hello“,你可能希望创建一张卡片显示”bonjour”回答”hello”，然后另一张卡片问你”hello“回答”bonjour”。前面一张卡片让你辨别单词含义，后面一张卡片则让你把单词翻译成本国语言。

当使用纸质卡片的时候，你唯一的选择是两次写出信息，每张卡片一次。一些计算机卡片程序通过翻转正反面，使用更加轻松。这种程序对纸质情况有改进，但是存在两个缺点：

• Because such programs don’t track your performance of recognition and production separately, cards will tend not to be shown to you at the optimum time, meaning you forget more than you’d like, or you study more than is necessary.
• Reversing the question and answer only works when you want exactly the same content on each side. This means it’s not possible to display extra info on the back of each card for example.

Anki solves these problems by allowing you to split the content of your cards up into separate pieces of information. You can then tell Anki which pieces of information you want on each card, and Anki will take care of creating the cards for you and updating them if you make any edits in the future.

Imagine we want to study French vocabulary, and we want to include the page number on the back of each card. We want our cards to look like this:

Q: Bonjour

A: Hello

   Page #12

And:

Q: Hello

A: Bonjour

   Page #12

In this example, we have three pieces of related information: a French word, an English meaning, and a page number. If we put them together, they’d look like this:

French: Bonjour

English: Hello

Page: 12

在Anki中，这个相关的信息叫做笔记，信息的每一个部分叫做字段。因此，我们可以这样认为：上面的这个笔记有三个字段，分别为French，English，和Page。

为了添加和编辑这些字段，可以点击”Fields…“按钮。关于更多字段的信息，请参考自定义字段部分。

卡片类型（Card Types）

为了基于我们的笔记创建卡片，我们需要给出一个蓝图指明哪些字段出现在正面或反面。这个蓝图就叫做卡片类型；当你添加了一个笔记，Anki将会为每个卡片类型创建一个卡片。

每个卡片类型都有两个模板，一个是问题模板，另一个是答案模板。在上面法语那个例子中，我们想要识别翻译的卡片是这个样子的：

Q: Bonjour

A: Hello

   Page #12

To do this, we can set the question and answer templates to:

Q: {{French}}

A: {{English}}<br>

   Page #{{Page}} 

通过使用双括号括起的一个字段名称，我们告诉Anki用该字段中的实际信息替换该部分。任何未被大括号括起来的东西都保存不变。(比如，我们在添加字段的时候不必键入”Page #“——它会自动添加到每个卡片。)
是一个特殊的编码告诉Anki换行；更多的细节可以在模板部分看到。

The production card templates work in a similar way:

Q: {{English}}

A: {{French}}<br>

   Page #{{Page}}

Once a card type has been created, every time you add a new note, a card will be created based on that card type. Card types make it easy to keep the formatting of your cards consistent and can greatly reduce the amount of effort involved in adding information. They also mean Anki can ensure related cards don’t appear too close to each other, and they allow you to fix a typing mistake or factual error once and have all the related cards updated at once.

为了添加或编辑卡片类型，点击”卡片…“按钮。For more information on card types, please see the 卡片和模板 section.

笔记类型

Anki allows you to create different types of notes for different material. Each type of note has its own set of fields and card types. It’s a good idea to create a separate note type for each broad topic you’re studying. In the above French example, we might create a note type called “French” for that. If we wanted to learn capital cities, we could create a separate note type for that as well, with fields such as “Country” and “Capital City”.

When Anki checks for duplicates, it only compares other notes of the same type. Thus if you add a capital city called “Orange” using the capital city note type, you won’t see a duplicate message when it comes time to learn how to say “orange” in French.

When you create a new collection, Anki automatically adds some standard note types to it. These note types are provided to make Anki easier for new users, but in the long run it’s recommended you define your own note types for the content you are learning. The standard note types are as follows:

Basic

Has Front and Back fields, and will create one card. Text you enter in Front will appear on the front of the card, and text you enter in Back will appear on the back of the card.

Basic (and reversed card)

Like Basic, but creates two cards for the text you enter: one from front→back and one from back→front.

Basic (optional reversed card)

This is a front→back card, and optionally a back→front card. To do this, it has a third field called “Add Reverse.” If you enter any text into that field, a reverse card will be created. More information about this is available in the 卡片和模板 section.

Cloze

A note type which makes it easy to select text and turn it into a cloze deletion (e.g., “Man landed on the moon in […]” → “Man landed on the moon in 1969”). More information is available in the 完型填空删除 section.

To add your own note types and modify existing ones, you can use Tools → Manage Note Types from the main Anki window.

Note

Notes and note types are common to your whole collection rather than limited to an individual deck. This means you can use many different types of notes in a particular deck, or have different cards generated from a particular note in different decks. When you add notes using the Add window, you can select what note type to use and what deck to use, and these choices are completely independent of each other. You can also change the note type of some notes after you’ve already created them.