selenium

webDriver原理

工作流程

• 打开浏览器并绑定到指定端口，作为remote server
• client通过commandExecuter发送httpRequest给remote server

• remote server 根据原生的浏览器组件来转化为浏览器的本地调用

  元素定位

• find_element_by_id

• find_element_by_name

• find_element_by_class_name

• find_element_by_tag_name

• find_element_by_link_text

• find_element_by_partial_link_text

• find_element_by_xpath 绝对定位

• find_element_by_css_selector

  常见控件

  button

  element.click()

  Textbox,Upload

  element.send_keys()

  MouseEvent

• double_click()

• context_click()

• drag_and_drop()

• move_to_element()

• perform()

  Dropdown下拉菜单

• select_by_index()

• select_by_value()

• select_by_visible_text()

  Alert

• switch_to.alert.accept()

• switch_to.alert.dismiss()

• switch_to.alert.text()

• switch_to.alert.send_keys()

  Window

• Driver.refresh()

• Driver.back()

• Driver.forward()

• Driver.maximize_window()

• Driver.set_window_size(100, 200)

• Driver.switch_to.window()

  Frame

• Driver.switch_to.frame()

• Driver.switch_to.parent_frame()

• Driver.switch_to.default_content()

  等待

• 显示等待

  • WebDriverWait(driver, 5,0.5).until(EC.presence_of_element_located((By.ID, ‘kw’))

• 隐式等待

  • driver.implicitly_wait(20)

• 强制等待

  • time.sleep(1)

• 截图

  • driver.get_screenshot_as_file()